Showing posts with label glass-steagall act. Show all posts
Showing posts with label glass-steagall act. Show all posts

Oct 6, 2008

Roberts on Wall Street: Bush Loosed Greed onto Imprudence

Update II: 'Fear' Index at All-time Intraday High
Update: Five percent down and dropping

Paul Craig Roberts ought to be required reading for all policy makers during this apparently long period of multiple crises.

Holding the Clinton and the George W. Bush administrations accountable for the financial crises currently (as in right this second) shaking the world, Paul Craig Roberts points to three extraordinary culprits:

- The repeal of the repeal of the Glass-Steagall Act [known as the Financial Services Modernization Act of 1999], repealing the separation of commercial from investment banking, that was signed into law during the Democratic Clinton Administration in 1999

- The exclusion of derivatives and credit default swaps from regulation in 2000

- And most importantly:


The greatest mistake was made in 2004, the year that Reagan died. That year the current Secretary of the Treasury, Henry M. Paulson Jr, was head of the investment bank Goldman Sachs. In the spring of 2004, the investment banks, led by Paulson, met with the Securities and Exchange Commission. At this meeting with the New Deal regulatory agency tasked with regulating the US financial system, Paulson convinced the SEC Commissioners to exempt the investment banks from maintaining reserves to cover losses on investments. The exemption granted by the SEC allowed the investment banks to leverage financial instruments beyond any bounds of prudence.
In place of time-proven standards of prudence, computer models engineered by hot shots determined acceptable risk. As one result Bear Stearns, for example, pushed its leverage ratio to 33 to 1. For every one dollar in equity, the investment bank had $33 of debt!

Sep 24, 2008

Why did anti-regulation champ McCain miss repeal of Glass-Steagall vote

"An Act to enhance competition in the financial services industry by providing a prudential framework for the affiliation of banks, securities firms, and other financial service providers, and for other purposes," reads the U.S. Senate description of the historic 1999 repeal of the Glass-Steagall Act.

The repeal is known as the Financial Services Modernization Act of 1999, and is one culprit in the financial melt-down on Wall Street.

The anti-regulation champion John McCain was the sole Senator not voting on the bill (Conference Report) that passed 90-8-1-1.

McCain was still smarting from his associations with the Keating Five 10 years earlier when that vote was held.

As McCain deals with the fall-out from revelations that his campaign manager, Rick Davis, received payments exceeding $2 million from Freddie Mac up until last month, it would be nice to hear a fresh recollection from McCain of why he missed the Glass-Steagall Act vote.

Is the answer that McCain was so deep into the pockets of the Financial Services industry that he was afraid to be too closely associated with this key piece of legislation, even as McCain had attached his name on the reformist McCain–Feingold Act, filibustered for the third time in 1999?

Sep 22, 2008

Obama on Wall Street Crisis

Update II: Congress, Bush team OK bailout terms; Stocks sink
Update: From ThinkProgress: Question: In 1999, you were one of the senators who helped pass deregulation of Wall Street. Do you regret that now?
McCAIN: No. I think the deregulation was probably helpful to the growth of our economy

"You hear that implosion reverberating through financial markets? It's the sound of decades of conservative ideology collapsing," says Jared Bernstein.

Bernstein could well have said "neo-liberal" ideology as the 1999 repeal of the Glass-Steagall Act, after 12 legislative attempts in 25 years (FrontLine), among other policy and unaddressed market changes, led the way to this epic collapse with Democratic acquiescence..

But Obama has clean hands on this. Not McCain.

The repeal of Glass-Steagall "allows for the merging of banks, securities firms, and insurance companies into huge financial conglomerates," as FrontLine notes.

McCain has been an anti-regulatory advocate for decades.

It is interesting to note, though, that on a critical vote on the S.900: Financial Services Modernization Act of 1999, (that led to the repeal of Glass-Steagall) McCain was the sole Senator not voting on the bill that passed 90-8-1-1.

What's up with that? Was McCain still smarting from his associations with the Keating Five 10 years earlier. Likely.

Senator Obama recently issued his Statement of Principles for the Treasury Proposal. The man sounds a lot like a New Dealer (that's a good thing).

And a reformer calling for a different regulatory framework from neo-liberal and conservative orthodoxies is a good very thing.

Note his "regardless of how we got here," lede-in in second graf:

Statement of Principles for the Treasury Proposal

The era of greed and irresponsibility on Wall Street and in Washington has led to a financial crisis as profound as any we have faced since the Great Depression.

But regardless of how we got here, the circumstances we face require decisive action because the jobs, savings, and economic security of millions of Americans are now at risk. We must work quickly in a bipartisan fashion to resolve this crisis and restore our financial sector so capital is flowing again and we can avert an even broader economic catastrophe.

We also should recognize that economic recovery requires that we act, not just to address the crisis on Wall Street, but also the crisis on Main Street and around kitchen tables across America.

But thus far, the Administration has only offered a concept with a staggering price tag, not a plan.Even if the Treasury recovers some or most of its investment over time, this initial outlay of up to $700 billion is sobering. And in return for their support, the American people must be assured that the deal reflects some basic principles.

• No blank check. If we grant the Treasury broad authority to address the immediate crisis, we must insist on independent accountability and oversight. Given the breach of trust we have seen and the magnitude of the taxpayer money involved, there can be no blank check.

• Rescue requires mutual responsibility. As taxpayers are asked to take extraordinary steps to protect our financial system, it is only appropriate to expect those institutions that benefit to help protect American homeowners and the American economy. We cannot underwrite continued irresponsibility, where CEOs cash in and our regulators look the other way. We cannot abet and reward the unconscionable practices that triggered this crisis. We have to end them.

• Taxpayers should be protected. This should not be a handout to Wall Street. It should be structured in a way that maximizes the ability of taxpayers to recoup their investment. Going forward, we need to make sure that the institutions that benefit from financial insurance also bear the cost of that insurance.

• Help homeowners stay in their homes. This crisis started with homeowners and they bear the brunt of the nearly unprecedented collapse in housing prices. We cannot have a plan for Wall Street banks that does not help homeowners stay in their homes and help distressed communities.

• A global response. As I said on Friday, this is a global financial crisis and it requires a global solution. The United States must lead, but we must also insist that other nations, who have a huge stake in the outcome, join us in helping to secure the financial markets.

• Main Street, not just Wall Street. The American people need to know that we feel as great a sense of urgency about the emergency on Main Street as we do the emergency on Wall Street. That is why I call on Senator McCain, President Bush, Republicans and Democrats to join me in supporting an emergency economic plan for working families – a plan that would help folks cope with rising gas and food prices, save one million jobs through rebuilding our schools and roads, help states and cities avoid painful budget cuts and tax increases, help homeowners stay in their homes, and provide retooling assistance to help ensure that the fuel-efficient cars of the future are built in America.

• Build a regulatory structure for the 21st Century. While there is not time in a week to remake our regulatory structure to prevent abuses in the future, we should commit ourselves to the kind of reforms I have been advocating for several years. We need new rules of the road for the 21st Century economy, together with the means and willingness to enforce them.

The bottom line is that we must change the economic policies that led us down this dangerous path in the first place. For the last eight years, we’ve had an “on your own-anything goes” philosophy in Washington and on Wall Street that lavished tax cuts on the wealthy and big corporations; that viewed even common-sense regulation and oversight as unwise and unnecessary; and that shredded consumer protections and loosened the rules of the road. Ordinary Americans are now paying the price. The events of this week have rendered a final verdict on that failed philosophy, and it is a philosophy I will end as President of the United States,” said Senator Barack Obama